Cardiac situs can be determined by identifying the systemic veins and the position of the atria relative to the liver and spleen.
2.
The nitric oxide increase in the blood resulting from these drugs also causes dilation of systemic veins which in turn causes a reduction in venous return, ventricular work load and ventricular radius.
3.
The low-pressure baroreceptors, are found in large systemic veins, in pulmonary vessels, and in the walls of the right atrium and ventricles of the heart ( the atrial volume receptors ).
4.
Alternatively, the bacteria may attack the cells lining the alveoli and enter the lymph node ( s ) . the bacteria then drain into a systemic vein and eventually reach the right side of the heart.
5.
In this case, the cyanosis is most likely due to blood that moves from the systemic veins to the systemic arteries via a right-to-left shunt without ever going through the lungs . : 141
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